Floral integration has been deemed an adaptation to increase the benefits of animal
pollination, yet no attempts have been made to estimate its adaptive value under natural …

Natural selection should reduce phenotypic variation and increase integration of floral traits
involved in placement of pollen grains on stigmas. In this study, we examine the role of …

抄録< jats: title> Abstract</jats: title>< jats: p> The origin of flowers is clearly one of the most
important “key innovations” in the history of plant evolution. In addition to representing a …

Floral traits often show correlated variation, both within and across species. One explanation
for this pattern of floral integration is that different elements of floral phenotypes are …

An experimental field study was undertaken to assess whether correlational selection
generated by pollinators can account for observed phenotypic integration of the two corolla …

In animal‐pollinated plants, the opportunity for selection and the strength of pollinator‐
mediated selection are expected to increase with the degree of pollen limitation. However …

Abstract Background and Aims Floral integration is thought to be an adaptation to promote
cross-fertilization, and it is often assumed that it increases morphological matching between …

By analysing patterns of phenotypic integration and multivariate covariance structure of five
metric floral traits in nine Iberian populations of bumblebee‐pollinated Helleborus foetidus …

Flowers of animal-pollinated plants are integrated structures shaped by the action of
pollinator-mediated selection. It is widely assumed that pollination specialization increases …

The interrelationships among phenotypic traits of plants has been of interest to plant
evolutionary biologists for almost a century. Broadly defined, phenotypic integration refers to …