Short infrared laser pulses (SILP) have many physiological effects on cells, including the
ability to stimulate action potentials (APs) in neurons. Here, we show that SILPs can also …

Transient electrical impulses are conventionally used to elicit physiological responses in
excitable tissues. While electrical stimulation has many advantages, it requires an electrode …

Background/Objective: The traditional method of stimulating neural activity has been based
on electrical methods and remains the gold standard to date despite inherent limitations. We …

Low-intensity, pulsed infrared light provides a novel nerve stimulation modality that avoids
the limitations of traditional electrical methods such as necessity of contact, presence of a …

Significance: Infrared neural stimulation (INS) utilizes pulsed infrared light to selectively elicit
neural activity without exogenous compounds. Despite its versatility in a broad range of …

A novel method for damage-free, artifact-free stimulation of neural tissue using pulsed, low-
energy infrared laser light is presented. Optical stimulation elicits compound nerve and …

Pulsed infrared light has shown promise as an alternative to electrical stimulation in
applications where contact free or high spatial precision stimulation is desired. Infrared …

Neuronal responses to infrared neural stimulation (INS) are explored at the single cell level
using patch-clamp electrophysiology. We examined membrane and synaptic responses of …

Infrared light has been shown to activate peripheral nerves in vivo using pulsed laser light;
however, translation of infrared neural stimulation (INS) to the central nervous system …

Significance: Systematic studies of the physiological outputs induced by infrared (IR)-
mediated inhibition of motor nerves can provide guidance for therapeutic applications and …