Biochemically and pathologically, there is strong evidence for both atopic and nonatopic
airway sensitization, hyperresponsiveness, and inflammation as a consequence of exposure …

The potential to cause cellular damage by metal ions in conjunction with other constituents
of tobacco smoke is enormous. Various studies have demonstrated the role of reactive …

Metals present in tobacco smoke have the ability to cause a pro-oxidant/antioxidant
imbalance through the direct generation of free radicals in accordance with the Fenton or …

Metals are vital for a huge number of physiological processes in the human body, but can
also destroy health when the concentration is not within the physiologically favourable …

This study evaluated the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), iron (Fe),
manganese (Mn), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in 10 branded cigarettes commonly consumed in …

Tobacco use kills millions of people every year around the world. The current level of 11
metals in tobacco was determined and their transfer rate to cigarette smoke was calculated …

Although significant progress has been made in unraveling the molecular mechanisms
responsible for tobacco smoke toxicity and carcinogenicity, only limited information is …

A significant flux of heavy metals, among other toxins, reaches the lungs through smoking.
Consequently, contaminated soil is usually avoided for tobacco cultivation. Here we …

One of the first lines of defence to inhaled toxins is the barrier formed by the
tracheobronchial epithelium, making this the ideal region for studying the toxicity of inhaled …

Public health officials and leaders of 168 nations have signaled their concern regarding the
health and economic impacts of smoking by becoming signatory parties to the World Health …