Background In the last two decades, there has been a discernible shift in the distribution of
mortality attributed to cardiovascular disease (CVD) between developing and developed …

Importance Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality and
morbidity. Compared with disease burden rates in 1990, significant reductions in Disability …

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) accounted for over 17 million deaths
and 353 million disability-adjusted life years lost in 2016. The risk factors are also high and …

Background: In Indonesia, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke are estimated to cause
more than 470 000 deaths annually. In order to inform primary prevention policies, we …

Background The objective of this study is to investigate the trends of exposure and burden
attributable to the four main metabolic risk factors, including high systolic blood pressure …

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the global leading causes
of concern due to the rising prevalence and consequence of mortality and disability with a …

Background Evaluating the burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) as the first cause of
mortality worldwide is necessary to develop healthcare policies. This study aimed to report …

Backgrounds The majority of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are modifiable.
Continuous monitoring and control of these factors could significantly reduce the risk of …

Background The drivers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality may differ
around the world. Regional-level prospective data can help guide policies to reduce CVD …

Background Previous studies on the burden of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) were mainly
based on limited data of the study period or area, or did not include detailed risk factor …