Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) is critical for maintaining the physiological function
of the respiratory chain to generate ATP. A significant loss of ΔΨm renders cells depleted of …

Mitochondria are central for various cellular processes that include ATP production,
intracellular Ca2+ signaling, and generation of reactive oxygen species. Neurons critically …

Mitochondria are critical for cellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production; however,
recent studies suggest that these organelles fulfill a much broader range of tasks. For …

Using the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm)-sensitive fluorescent dyes 5, 5′, 6, 6′-
tetrachloro-1, 1′, 3, 3′-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine iodide (JC-1) and …

Mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) are implicated in signal transduction,
inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders, and normal aging. Net ROS release by isolated …

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is emerging as a ubiquitous small-molecule messenger in
biology, particularly in the brain, but underlying mechanisms of peroxide signaling remain …

The mitochondrial membrane potential (Ψ mito) is an important parameter not only of
mitochondrial but also of cellular status. Prolonged mitochondrial depolarization is …

The survival and function of brain cells requires uninterrupted ATP synthesis. Different brain
structures subserve distinct neurological functions, and therefore have different energy …

Mitochondrial dysfunction is a component of many neurodegenerative conditions.
Measurement of oxygen consumption from intact neurons enables evaluation of …

Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are strongly implicated in neurodegenerative
diseases and epilepsy. Strikingly, neurodegenerative diseases show regional specificity in …