Since annotations were added to the Java language, many frameworks have moved to
using annotated Plain Old Java Objects (POJOs) in their newest releases. Legacy …

A fine-grained co-change dependency arises when two fine-grained source-code entities,
eg, a method, change frequently together. This kind of dependency is relevant when …

Reverse engineering is the process of uncovering the design and the design rationale from
a functioning software system. Reverse engineering is an integral part of any successful …

Refactoring is a transformation that preserves the external behavior of a program and
improves its internal quality. Usually, compilation errors and behavioral changes are …

Refactorings are behavior-preserving program transformations that improve the design of a
program. Refactoring engines are tools that automate the application of refactorings: first the …

Refactoring in object-orientation has gained increased attention due to its ability to improve
design quality. Refactoring using design patterns (DPs) leads to production of high quality …

Refactoring is a staple of Object-Oriented (OO) program development. It should be a staple
of OO Software Product Line (SPL) development too. X15 is the first tool to support the …

Descriptive names are crucial to understand code. However, good names are notoriously
hard to choose and manually changing a globally visible name can be a maintenance …

Refactoring, as a software engineering discipline has emerged over recent years to become
an important aspect of maintaining software. Refactoring refers to the restructuring of …

Changes made to object-oriented (OO) systems over time provide an insight into both
design robustness and changes in requirements. When expressed at a high level of …