Integration of proviral DNA into the host cell genome is a characteristic feature of the
retroviral life cycle. This process involves coordinate DNA strand break formation and …

The DNA-breaking and-joining steps initiating retroviral integration are well understood, but
the later steps, thought to be carried out by cellular DNA repair enzymes, have not been fully …

ABSTRACT Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1) is a cellular enzyme with a
fundamental role in DNA repair and the regulation of chromatin structure, processes …

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1; EC 2.4. 2.30) is an abundant nuclear enzyme,
activated by DNA strand breaks to attach up to 200 ADP-ribose groups to nuclear proteins …

The integration of retroviral DNA appears to be obligatory for the efficient replication of
retroviruses in their respective host cells. During a natural infection, integration takes place …

Integration of the retrovirus DNA genome into host chromosomes is essential for viral
replication. After virus infection of the cell, synthesis of viral cDNA occurs by reverse …

Retroviruses integrate a DNA copy of the viral genome into cellular DNA as an obligatory
step in the viral replication cycle. Once integrated, the viral DNA is stably replicated with …

Retroviral integrase (IN) 1 mediates retroviral DNA integration, a critical step in viral
replication that ensures stable expression of proviral genes in the infected cell and …

This study examined the efficiency of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)
integration in poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1)-deficient murine cells and in …

How DNA is repaired after retrovirus integration is not well understood. DNA-dependent
protein kinase (DNA-PK) is known to play a central role in the repair of double-stranded …