Disparate impact under title VII: an objective theory of discrimination

G Rutherglen - Va. L. Rev., 1987 - HeinOnline
The theory of disparate impact is the single most important judicial contribution to title VII of
the Civil Rights Act of 1964.'In enacting title VII, Congress extended the constitutional …

Causation and burden-shifting doctrines in employment discrimination law revisited: Some thoughts on Hopkins and Wards Cove

R Belton - Tul. L. Rev., 1989 - HeinOnline
Twenty-five years ago Congress enacted the Civil Rights Act of 1964.1 Title VII of the Civil
Rights Act prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex, religion, or …

Presumptions of discriminatory motive in title vii disparate treatment cases

MA Mendez - Stan. L. Rev., 1979 - HeinOnline
In adjudicating employment discrimination cases under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of
1964,'the United States Supreme Court has dealt repeatedly with the proper allocation of the …

Removing Discriminatory Barriers: Basing Disparate Treatment Analysis on Motive Rather Than Intent

DD Welch - S. Cal. L. Rev., 1986 - HeinOnline
Congress enacted Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 19641 in order to" achieve equality of
employment opportunities and remove barriers that have operated in the past to favor an …

Evolving conceptions of equality under Title VII: Disparate impact theory and the demise of the bottom line principle

M Chamallas - Ucla L. Rev., 1983 - HeinOnline
When Congress outlawed employment discrimination in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of
1964, 1 it neither specified a particular definition of discrimination, 2 nor articulated a clear …

Application of Title VII to jobs in high places

E Bartholet - Harv. L. Rev., 1981 - HeinOnline
Courts have gone far during the last fifteen years to ensure black participation'in the ranks of
the work force. Blacks have gained access to industries and crafts traditionally closed to …

Advocacy versus analysis in assessing employment discrimination law

JJ Donohue III - Stan. L. Rev., 1991 - HeinOnline
Prior to the passage of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act, I individuals of substance argued
with great force that an essential element of freedom included the right of private employers …

Substance in the Shadow of Procedure: The Integration of Substantive and Procedural Law in Title VII Cases

PT Baumann, JO Brown, SN Subrin - BCL Rev., 1991 - HeinOnline
BOSTON COLLEGE LAW REVIEW Page 1 BOSTON COLLEGE LAW REVIEW VOLUME
XXXIII MARCH 1992 NUMBER 2 SUBSTANCE IN THE SHADOW OF PROCEDURE: THE …

Mutable characteristics and the definition of discrimination under Title VII

PB Bayer - UC Davis L. Rev., 1986 - HeinOnline
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 prohibits racial, religious, gender, ethnic, and color
discrimination in employment. In most instances the courts interpret the statute very broadly …

Beyond Causation: The Interpretation of Action and the Mixed Motives Problem in Employment Discrimination Law

PJ Gudel - Tex. L. Rev., 1991 - HeinOnline
If an employer fires a perfectly competent employee for no other reason than that she is a
woman, even persons with little knowledge of discrimination law can recognize that the …