The performance index of both the state and control variables with a constrained dynamic
optimization problem of a fractional order system with fixed final Time have been considered …

The numerical solution of a fractional optimal control problem having a quadratic
performance index is proposed and analyzed. The performance index of the fractional …

This paper deals with a direct numerical technique for Fractional Optimal Control Problems
(FOCPs). In this paper, we formulate the FOCPs in terms of Riemann—Liouville Fractional …

This article presents a general formulation and general numerical scheme for a class of
fractional optimal control problems (FOCPs). The fractional derivative is described in the …

A constrained dynamic optimization problem of a fractional order system with fixed final time
has been considered here. This paper presents a general formulation and solution scheme …

In many applications, fractional derivatives provide better descriptions of the behavior of
dynamic systems than other techniques. For this reason, fractional calculus has been used …

This paper presents a modified numerical scheme for a class of fractional optimal control
problems where a fractional derivative (FD) is defined in the Riemann—Liouville sense. In …

This paper aims to investigate an efficient numerical scheme for the optimal control of
fractional-order dynamic systems. By using the Grünwald–Letnikov approximation for the …

This paper presents a new idea to solve fractional differential equations and fractional
optimal control problems. The fractional derivative is defined in the Grunwald–Letnikov …

In this work, we present a numerical approach based on the shifted Legendre polynomials
for solving a class of fractional optimal control problems. The derivative is described in the …