Spatial patterns can reveal a lot about ecological processes, but our knowledge of the
spatial ecology of tree regeneration at a fine scale is quite limited. Therefore, we studied the …

In Europe most Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) mountain forests have been altered
by human activities, leading to a lack of reference condition concerning their original …

This study focused on tree mortality in spruce-dominated stands managed using the single-
tree selection method in southern Finland. Together with regeneration and tree growth …

We analysed the impact of forest gap characteristics and understory vegetation on the
natural regeneration patterns of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and birch (Betula …

Gap dynamics are driving many important processes in the development of temperate forest
ecosystems. What remains largely unknown is how often the regeneration processes …

In Europe, concerns regarding the provision of ecosystem services from forests, such as
biodiversity, has led to a widespread conversion from even-aged to close-to-nature forest …

Spatiotemporal patterns of standing and fallen dead trees were examined in two protected
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)-Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forests in eastern …

The role of density dependence in shaping spatial patterns in tree distributions presumably
changes throughout stand development. However, empirical investigations into …

Diachronic analysis of individual-tree mortality in a Norway spruce stand in the eastern Italian
Alps Page 1 Ann. For. Sci. 67 (2010) 304 Available online at: c INRA, EDP Sciences, 2010 …

Regeneration of coniferous tree species depends on forest structures related to tree death:
canopy gaps, decaying wood, and windthrow mounds and pits. This also applies to Norway …