Introduction Preliminary reports indicated that smokers could be less susceptible to
coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, which causes Covid-19. However, once infected an increased …

Introduction Smoking depresses pulmonary immune function and is a risk factor contracting
other infectious diseases and more serious outcomes among people who become infected …

Smoking affects a person's overall health and damages nearly every organ of the body.
Since smoking tobacco affects and damages the lungs, it increases the risk of respiratory …

Introduction Current evidence indicates that smoking worsens COVID-19 outcomes.
However, when studies restricted their analyses to current smokers, the risks for COVID-19 …

BACKGROUND Smokers are generally more susceptible to infectious respiratory diseases
and are at higher risk of developing severe complications from these infections. Conflicting …

Background Smoking impairs lung immune function and damages upper airways,
increasing risks of contracting and severity of infectious diseases. This paper quantifies the …

Background The harms of tobacco use are well-established. Tobacco causes 8 million
deaths every year from cardiovascular diseases, lung disorders, cancers, diabetes, and …

The association between current smoking and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
progression remains uncertain. We aim to provide up-to-date evidence of the role of …

METHODS Publications were identified utilising a systematic search approach on PUBMED
and Google Scholar. Publications presenting a systematic review or meta-analysis …

Rationale The association between smoking status and severe Coronavirus Disease 2019
(COVID-19) remains controversial. Objective To assess the risk of hospitalization (as a …