Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 viruses are now endemic in many Asian
countries, resulting in repeated outbreaks in poultry and increased cases of human infection …

There has been multiple evidence that domestic poultry may act as a vessel for the
generation of novel influenza A viruses. In this study, we have analyzed the evolution and …

Outbreaks of H5N1 subtype highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) were recorded
in chickens, domesticated birds and wild birds throughout Japan from November 2010 to …

The cases of human infections with H10N8 viruses identified in late 2013 and early 2014 in
Jiangxi, China, have raised concerns over the origin, prevalence, and development of these …

ABSTRACT A current view of the emergence of pandemic influenza viruses envisages a
gene flow from the aquatic avian reservoir to humans via reassortment in pigs, the …

Highlights•A new avian influenza A (H5N1) virus clade (2.3. 4.4) is spreading globally in
birds.•This virus revealed surprising propensity to reassort with NA subtypes other than …

We report the identification of novel highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of subtype
H5N6, clade 2.3. 4.4, that presumably originated from China. In addition, reassortant strains …

Besides enormous economic losses to the poultry industry, recent H5N1 highly pathogenic
avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) originating in eastern Asia have posed serious threats to …

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of subtype H5N1 have spread since late
2003 in East and Southeast Asia. In April 2005, a large-scale outbreak of H5N1 infection that …

Abstract The H5 A/Goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (gs/GD) lineage emerged in China in 1996.
Rooted in the respective gs/GD lineage, the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of highly pathogenic …