This paper gives a thorough treatment of a new effect of non‐steady‐state photo‐
electromotive‐force (emf). The effect consists of an alternating electric current arising in a …

We employ an optical technique requiring no electrodes to measure three parameters
characterizing photorefractive traps in nominally undoped n-type bismuth silicate at 515-and …

The effect of the non-steady-state photoelectromotive force (PEMF) in photoconductive
crystals is considered for excitation frequencies equal to or higher than the inverse …

Large values of the exponential gain coefficient Γ are obtained (Γ≂ 8–12 cm− 1) when
recording with a moving grating in photorefractive BSO crystals (nearly degenerate two …

This is the first characterization of both positive and negative charge carriers as well as deep
traps in any crystal sufficient to predict photorefractive behavior for all beam geometries on …

A new simple technique for the determination of the diffusion length in photoconductive
insulators is presented. A steady-state photocarrier grating is created by two interfering laser …

It is shown that weakly damped space-charge waves exist in photorefractive crystals with a
sufficiently large lifetime–mobility product. The dispersion law, the damping constant, and …

The transient behavior of charge carriers generated by pulse illumination of arbitrary
intensity is investigated. The configuration treated is that in which one surface of a …

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the main areas of possible applications of
adaptive photo-electromotive-force (EMF) detectors—particularly the use of a gallium …

Investigations of photoelectric effects occupy an important place in studies of
semiconductors. Recently investigations of photoconductivity and photoelectromotive forces …