We document the substantial gender gap that exists among university scientists with regard
to entrepreneurial activity using a variety of measures and explore factors leading to the …

Using survey data from a large public research organization, this study examines
entrepreneurship propensities of academic researchers, focusing on gender differences …

Recently, questions about gender gaps in science have extended to academic technology
transfer. Using systematic data on US medical school faculty, we capture both behavior and …

There is a great deal of interest in Europe and the USA on the commercialization of
university science, particularly the creation of spinout companies from the science base …

Research on immigrant entrepreneurs in the United States has focused on small businesses
in the retail and food service sectors rather than on high-technology start ups. Scholarship …

This paper explores entrepreneurship in the research university, a setting in which there has
been a marked change over the past half century in norms governing relationships between …

Traditional research on gender differences in productivity focuses on academic scientists,
and rarely investigates outcomes other than publications. We investigate gender disparities …

Explanations of productivity differences between men and women in science tend to focus
on the academic sector and the individual level. This article examines how variation in …

Despite the increasing number of women who are starting businesses, distinct hurdles exist
for them. For instance, there is a lower occurrence of females as business owners and a …

We examine the origins, acceptance, and spread of academic entrepreneurship in the
biomedical field at Stanford, a university that championed efforts at translating basic science …