[PDF][PDF] Gender and Scientific Work across Organizational Settings: Commercial Patenting in Academia and Industry

K Whittington, KB Whittington - Work Occup - researchgate.net
There have been significant changes in the past three decades in the organization of
scientific research within universities and industrial firms. I focus on the gendered …

[PDF][PDF] Gender, motherhood, and scientific work across employment sectors: Commercial patenting in academia and industry

KB Whittington, KB Whittington - Work and Occupations, 2011 - researchgate.net
There have been significant changes in recent decades in the profession of science, most
notably in the organization of research activities within universities and industrial firms. I …

Women inventors in context: Disparities in patenting across academia and industry

KB Whittington, L Smith-Doerr - Gender & Society, 2008 - journals.sagepub.com
Explanations of productivity differences between men and women in science tend to focus
on the academic sector and the individual level. This article examines how variation in …

[PDF][PDF] Patterns of male and female scientific dissemination in public and private science

KB Whittington - Science and engineering careers in the united states …, 2009 - nber.org
Research on gender differences in productivity rarely includes scientists outside of
academia, or focuses on outcomes beyond scholarly publications. This research employs a …

Gender and commercial science: Women's patenting in the life sciences

KB Whittington, L Smith-Doerr - The Journal of Technology Transfer, 2005 - Springer
Traditional research on gender differences in productivity focuses on academic scientists,
and rarely investigates outcomes other than publications. We investigate gender disparities …

[PDF][PDF] Gender and commercial science: Women's patenting in the Life Sciences

L Smith-Doerr - Journal of Technology Transfer, 2005 - hoaglinwwe.com
Traditional research on gender differences in productivity focuses on academic scientists,
and rarely investigates outcomes other than publications. We investigate gender disparities …

Mothers of invention? Gender, motherhood, and new dimensions of productivity in the science profession

KB Whittington - Work and Occupations, 2011 - journals.sagepub.com
Gender and motherhood dynamics feature prominently in research that examines
professional workplace inequities. The rise of patenting as an available form of academic …

Gender distinctions in patenting: Does nanotechnology make a difference?

Y Meng - Scientometrics, 2018 - Springer
Analyzing the domestic patent records filed with the United State Patent and Trademark
Office (USPTO) in the 16-year time period from 1990 to 2005, this study benchmarks the …

Gender differences in patenting activity: An examination of the US biotechnology industry

G McMillan - Scientometrics, 2009 - akjournals.com
The gender gap in science and technology has received considerable attention by both
researchers and policy makers. In an effort to better understand the quantity, quality, and …

Commercial science: A new arena for gender differences in scientific careers?

WW Ding, F Murray, TE Stuart - 2009 - escholarship.org
This paper examines gender differences in the participation of university life science faculty
in commercial science. In part based on interviews, we develop hypotheses regarding how …