To ensure the actual presence of a real legitimate trait in contrast to a fake self-manufactured
synthetic or reconstructed sample is a significant problem in biometric authentication, which …

Biometric systems encounter variability in data that influence capture, treatment, and u-sage
of a biometric sample. It is imperative to first analyze the data and incorporate this …

One of the open issues in fingerprint verification is the lack of robustness against image-
quality degradation. Poor-quality images result in spurious and missing features, thus …

Iris recognition, the ability to recognize and distinguish individuals by their iris pattern, is the
most reliable biometric in terms of recognition and identification performance. However …

A review of the state-of-the-art in direct and indirect attacks to fingerprint and iris automatic
recognition security systems is presented. A summary of the novel liveness detection …

Signal-quality awareness has been found to increase recognition rates and to support
decisions in multisensor environments significantly. Nevertheless, automatic quality …

A spoof attack, a subset of presentation attacks, is the use of an artificial replica of a
biometric in an attempt to circumvent a biometric sensor. Liveness detection, or presentation …

Despite the rapid growth of face recognition-based biometrics for both authentication and
identification, the security of face biometric systems against presentation attacks (also called …

Iris recognition, the ability to recognize and distinguish individuals by their iris pattern, is one
of the most reliable biometrics in terms of recognition and identification performance …

Biometric technology has been increasingly deployed in the past decade, offering greater
security and convenience than traditional methods of personal recognition. Although …