The cell membrane or biofilm serve as permeable barrier for xenobiotics to maintain the
homeostasis of cells or bacterial community. Transport systems are essential for the uptake …

Efflux pumps are one of the major contributors in the intrinsic multidrug resistance of
Mycobacterium tuberculosis. These active transporters, localized in the cytoplasmic …

Background Both intrinsic and acquired multidrug resistance play an important role in the
insurgence of tuberculosis. Detailed knowledge of the molecular basis of drug recognition …

Currently, multidrug‐resistant tuberculosis (MDR‐TB) is a public health crisis and a major
health security threat globally. In Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), major facilitator …

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) can withstand months of antibiotic treatment. An important
goal of tuberculosis research is to shorten the treatment to reduce the burden on patients …

Active efflux of drugs mediated by efflux pumps that confer drug resistance is one of the
mechanisms developed by bacteria to counter the adverse effects of antibiotics and …

The emergence of multidrug and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis represents a major
threat to the control of the disease. Antimicrobial drug resistance in Mycobacterium …

In the fight against tuberculosis, cell wall permeation of chemotherapeutic agents remains a
critical but largely unsolved question. Here we review the major mechanisms of small …

Majority of the problems in treating Tuberculosis (TB) is the appearance of drug resistant TB
strains, including strains with multiple drug resistance (MDR) and more recently, strains with …

Bacterial pathogens are able to survive within diverse habitats. The dynamic adaptation to
the surroundings depends on their ability to sense environmental variations and to respond …