Many features of the environment have been found to exert an important influence on
cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, progression, and severity. Changes in the environment …

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are fatal for more than 38 million people each year
and are thus the main contributors to the global burden of disease accounting for 70% of …

CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality in the industrialized
world. In the United States alone, it kills 1 million people per year; accounting for over 40 …

Environmental exposure is an important but underappreciated risk factor contributing to the
development and severity of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The heart and vascular system …

It has long been known that cardiovascular disease (CVD) rates vary considerably among
populations, across space and through time. It is now apparent that most of the attributable …

In this review, we discuss current evidence linking environmental pollutants to
cardiovascular disease (CVD). Extensive evidence indicates that environmental factors …

As the world's population becomes increasingly urbanized, there is growing concern about
the impact of urban environments on cardiovascular health. Urban residents are exposed to …

Background: Long-term fine particulate matter (PM2. 5) exposure is linked with
cardiovascular disease, and disadvantaged status may increase susceptibility to air …

Environmental factors are considered key determinants of cardiovascular disease. Although
lifestyle choices such as smoking, diet, and exercise are viewed as major environmental …

Several large epidemiological studies have found robust associations between greenness
and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). These studies report that close residential …