Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor and cognitive dysfunctions, affecting the
motor behaviour. We summarize evidence that the interplay between motor and cognitive …

Parkinson's disease (PD) results in a complex deterioration of motor behavior. Effective
pharmacological or surgical treatments addressing the whole spectrum of both motor and …

This review focuses on some of the known and hypothetical pathophysiological mechanisms
underlying the motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD). Current views on these …

Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder, resulting in both motor and
non-motor symptoms that significantly reduce quality of life. Treatment consists of both …

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by a range of motor symptoms. Besides the
cardinal symptoms (tremor, bradykinesia/akinesia, and rigidity), PD patients also show other …

Parkinson's disease (PD) has been, until recently, mainly defined by the presence of
characteristic motor symptoms, such as rigidity, tremor, bradykinesia/akinesia, and postural …

The final goal of motor learning, a complex process that includes both implicit and explicit (or
declarative) components, is the optimization and automatization of motor skills. Motor …

The principal feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the impaired ability to acquire and
express habitual-automatic actions due to the loss of dopamine in the dorsolateral striatum …

This review examines the involvement of the motor cortex in Parkinson's disease (PD), a
debilitating movement disorder typified by degeneration of dopamine cells of the substantia …

Epidemiological and clinical studies have suggested that exercise is beneficial for patients
with Parkinson's disease (PD). Through research in normal (noninjured) animals …