The available Construction materials in Lebanon, such as concrete masonry units, stone,
and wood, defines the external wall components of the built-up fabric. These materials affect …

This article delves into the benefits of using low-tech, renewable, and local materials in
architecture. Specifically, it compares the use of clay and straw with modern construction …

In the coastal climate of Lebanon, summer internal comfort relies heavily on air-conditioning.
Lebanon also suffers from a chronic shortage in electricity supply, where unorganized …

The traditional vernacular architecture that is based on natural construction materials such
as clay and stone is the most effective way to achieve thermal and climatic comfort inside …

The search for sustainable construction systems to address social and environmental
problems is increasingly important because there is still a high percentage of deficit in the …

Prior to the conquest of Banat by the Habsburg administration, the settlements of local
Romanians and Serbs looked entirely different. According to the principles of the new …

Over the past few decades and aligned with the beginning of energy crisis in the world,
many efforts were made in order to reduce energy consumption in the construction sector …

Energy saving is one of the significant issues in achieving sustainable development. This
study compares the energy consumption of rural houses using local materials and new ones …

Sustainable development means that any encroachment into the ecosystem must be done in
such a manner that the survival of future generations is not threatened in any way. In simple …

Sustainable architecture in the developing countries is still in its primary stages compared to
the developed ones; however, such countries benefit a rich precedent which represents …