Malaria is the most deadly parasitic disease, affecting hundreds of millions of people
worldwide. Malaria parasites have been associated with their hosts for millions of years …

Malaria is a vector‐borne infectious disease caused by unicellular parasites of the genus
Plasmodium. These obligate intracellular parasites have the unique capacity to infect and …

The malaria parasite, Plasmodium, is one of the oldest parasites documented to infect
humans and has proven particularly hard to eradicate. One of the major hurdles in designing …

Vector-borne parasites cause major human diseases of the developing world, including
malaria, human African trypanosomiasis, Chagas disease, leishmaniasis, filariasis, and …

Malaria is one of the most life-threatening infectious diseases worldwide. Specific immunity
to natural infection is acquired slowly despite a high degree of repeated exposure and rarely …

Malaria is a vector-borne disease causing extensive morbidity, debility and mortality.
Development of resistance to drugs among parasites and to conventional insecticides …

Evolutionary models predict that host immunity will shape the evolution of parasite virulence.
While some assumptions of these models have been tested, the actual evolutionary …

Malaria parasites have to survive and transmit within a highly selective and ever-changing
host environment. Because immunity to malaria is nonsterilizing and builds up slowly …

The blood stage of the malaria parasite's life cycle is responsible for all the clinical
symptoms of malaria. The development of clinical disease is dependent on the interplay of …

Coevolution between hosts and parasites is a major driver of rapid evolutionary change 1
and diversification. 2, 3 However, direct antagonistic interactions between hosts and …