Multilingual research could offer a unique perspective on how the languages already
acquired by a person affect the online processing of a new language. But it is currently …

It is estimated that most language users in the world speak more than one language, ie they
are at least bilingual. In quantitative terms, then, monolingualism may be regarded as the …

Accumulated recent research suggests that prior knowledge of multiple languages leads to
advantages in learning additional languages. In the current article, we review studies …

The last few decades have revealed an increased interest in research on third language
acquisition (TLA) and multilingualism. Ever since Bialystok in the late 1980s showed that …

This chapter conceptualizes and discusses two subtypes of multilingualism, namely,(a) third
language acquisition in learners who have prior experience in acquiring one or more non …

Although variation in the ways individuals process language has long been a topic of
interest and discussion in the psycholinguistic literature, only recently have studies of …

Recent studies have shown that when bilinguals or multilinguals read written words, listen to
spoken words, or plan words that they intend to speak in one language alone, information in …

Which strategies do multilingual learners use when confronted with languages they don't yet
know? Which factors are involved in activating prior linguistic knowledge in multilingual …

Previous literature has argued that proficient bilingual speakers often demonstrate
monolingual–equivalent structural processing of language (eg, the processing of structural …

This chapter focuses on how multilingualism should be defined and how it can be assessed.
One of the main points is that multilingualism should be viewed as a dynamic process rather …