The use of formal methods is often recommended to guarantee the provision of necessary
services and to assess the correctness of critical properties, such as functional safety …

The complexity and flexibility of autonomous robotic systems necessitates a range of distinct
verification tools. This presents new challenges not only for design verification but also for …

Hybrid systems are complex systems where a software controller interacts with a physical
environment, usually named a plant, through sensors and actuators. The specification and …

The paper is concerned with the practical use of formal techniques to contribute to the risk
analysis of a new neonatal dialysis machine. The described formal analysis focuses on the …

Medical devices are safety-critical systems since their malfunctions can seriously
compromise human safety. Correct operation of a medical device depends upon the …

Abstract The Hybrid Event-B framework was introduced to add continuously varying
behaviour to the discrete changes of state characteristic of the well established Event-B …

Abstract Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) are multi-component systems that interact with the
real world. Their heterogeneous nature makes them particularly difficult to model and prove …

Blockchain technology has gained widespread acceptance in industries such as e-
commerce, energy trading, health-care services, and asset management. Ethereum is an …

The design of complex and/or critical systems requires handling the environment constraints
in which these systems evolve. Formal methods allow system developers to design models …

Normally, the passengers on urban rail systems remain fairly stationary, allowing for a
relatively straightforward approach to controlling the dynamics of the system, based on the …