Abstract Magnetic Induction (MI) based Wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs)
consist of magnetic-antenna sensors that are buried in and communicate through soil …

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) especially with sensor nodes communicating with each
other in medium other than air have been naive area of research since the last few years. In …

Prolonging network lifetime is a crucial issue for wireless sensor networks, as sensor nodes
operate on limited amounts of battery energy, and replacing or recharging nodes is still quite …

A large range of applications have been identified based upon the communication of
underground sensors deeply buried in the soil. The classical electromagnetic wave (EM) …

Abstract Wireless Underground Networks comprise the ability to constantly monitor several
physical parameters such as ground temperature, water level and soil condition, and these …

Abstract Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) face challenges related to limited energy
resources in sensor nodes, making network lifetime and energy consumption critical …

Abstract Wireless Underground Sensor Networks (WUSNs) refer to a group of nodes
working underneath the earth plane that has been predicted to render concurrent …

Achieving a balanced energy and spectral resource utilization is an interesting key design to
extend the lifetime of underground wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) where sensor nodes …

Abstract In Wireless Rechargeable Sensor Networks (WRSNs), charging scheme
optimization is one of the most critical issues, which plays an essential role in deciding the …

In this paper, a Q-learning algorithm is proposed to improve the performance of the routing
in the Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). We have also combined transmission power …