Kidney stone disease, also known as nephrolithiasis or urolithiasis, is a disorder in which
urinary solutes precipitate to form aggregates of crystalline material in the urinary space. The …

Central to the maintenance of calcium homeostasis is the regulated reabsorption of calcium
along the nephron. To this end, parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released from the parathyroid …

Calcium and magnesium are the most abundant divalent cations in the body. The plasma
level is controlled by coordinated interaction between intestinal absorption, reabsorption in …

Kidney stone disease (KSD) is one of the most common urological diseases. The incidence
of kidney stones has increased dramatically in the last few decades. Kidney stones are …

Hyperoxaluria-induced damage to renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) is considered the
most significant contributor to kidney stone formation. However, the precise regulatory …

Urinary stone is conceptualized as a chronic metabolic disorder punctuated by symptomatic
stone events. It has been shown that the occurrence of calcium oxalate monohydrate (COM) …

Recent evidence has shown an association between kidney stone pathogenesis and
oxidative stress. Many anti-oxidants have been studied with an aim for stone prevention …

The incidence of urolithiasis has been increasing considerably. These patients represent a
significant expense for national health systems. With the knowledge of the influence of the …

Kidney stone, one of the oldest known diseases, has plagued humans for centuries,
consistently imposing a heavy burden on patients and healthcare systems worldwide due to …

The kidney is critical for mineral homeostasis. Calcium and magnesium reabsorption in the
renal thick ascending limb (TAL) involves claudin‐16 (CLDN16) and claudin‐19 (CLDN19) …