A number of trends are changing the nature of social risks and increase the importance of
human capital, adaptability, and flexibility. This article discusses the usefulness of a life …

In the past two decades, urbanization has been accelerating worldwide. The rapid increase
in population has negatively impacted the urban environment and the quality of life. Today …

Elderly individuals exhibit wide disparities in their sources of income. For those in the bottom
half of the income distribution, Social Security is the most important source of support; …

This paper employs a multi-country large-scale Overlapping Generations model with
uninsurable labor productivity and mortality risk to quantify the impact of the demographic …

We use a sufficient statistic approach to quantify the general equilibrium effects of population
aging on wealth accumulation, expected asset returns, and global imbalances. Combining …

Projected demographic changes in industrialized and developing countries vary in extent
and timing but will reduce the share of the population in working age everywhere …

How sustainable are the current social security systems in the developed economies, given
the projected demographic trends? The most recent literature has answered this question …

Across the demographic transition, declining mortality followed by declining fertility produces
decades of rising support ratios as child dependency falls. These improving support ratios …

Inevitable population aging and slower population growth will affect the economies of all
nations in ways influenced by cultural values, institutional arrangements, and economic …

Climate change and natural disasters have important consequences on fiscal sustainability,
especially for developing countries with limited financial resources and underdeveloped …