Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), constrained by limited resources, demand routing
strategies that prioritize energy efficiency. The tactic of cooperative routing, which leverages …

Blockchain, the mechanism that powers the Bitcoin cryptocurrency, is seen to be both
enticing and essential for providing improved security and privacy for a variety of …

Blockchain has proven in sensor networks as a distributed solution for transparent and
secure storage, which allows its application in mobile wireless sensor networks (MWSNs) …

As a result of the ubiquitous network applications and services, exacerbated by the
overarching digital revolution the need and demand for efficient and dependable …

The immense potential of optical networks provides a highly favorable option for addressing
rapidly increasing bandwidth needs. Elastic Optical Networks (EONs) exhibit considerable …

A blockchain is a distributed and decentralized database that allows users to securely store
and exchange data without requiring the intervention of a third party. Information, called …

Abstract The Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is revolutionizing transportation systems by enabling
seamless communication and collaboration among vehicles, roadside units (RSUs), and …

Technologies dedicated radio infrastructure deployments are no longer adequate to ensure
large-scale, low-cost, and reliable communications with the growing adoption of scattered …

The background of this research is the mobile baking service, which is slowly being
considered as a service that must be provided by banks to their customers. Thus, Sharia …

Consensus mechanisms are fundamental to blockchain technology, ensuring network
integrity and the orderly progression of transactions. However, the predominant proof of …