The quality of fuel greatly affects the lifetime and smooth functioning of every petroleum
engine. To pursue higher profit, kerosene is mixed with petrol and diesel by many dishonest …

Crude oil distillates (gasoline, kerosene, and diesel) and biofuels are vital energy sources
that drive the manufacturing and automobile industry. Unfortunately, price disparity among …

This study has clarified the design of a new hybrid hexagonal PCF sensor with circular
hollow core. Hollow-core photonic crystal fiber (HC-PCFs) offer compact designs with …

The study explores the potential of ethanol as an additive on the performance, combustion
and exhaust emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine fueled with …

Diesel is an essential energy source in the transportation and industrial sectors worldwide;
hence, the quality of this commodity is crucial. This study compares various fuel samples to …

A square-core photonic crystal fiber (PhCF) has been presented for liquid (petrochemical)
sensing application. The sensor performance has been studied numerically in the frequency …

Abstract Lipophilic 2, 1, 3-benzothiadiazoles were obtained in a short synthesis with
excellent yields by a Sonogashira coupling reaction followed by a 1, 3-dipolar cycloaddition …

This paper introduces an introduction to photonic crystals (PCs) and photonic crystal fiber
(PCF) sensors along with their different applications. A comparative study of different types …

The fluorescence properties of three molecular rotors, related to 4-dimethylamino-4-
nitrostilbene (4-DNS), are studied versus different diesel/kerosene blends. In nonviscous …

A novel liquid‐core photonic crystal fibre (LC‐PCF) based on the Zeonex substrate has
been proposed for sensing the varying concentration of kerosene in petrol and diesel fuels …