Aim Clinical resistance is a complex phenomenon in major human cancers involving
multifactorial mechanisms, and hypoxia is one of the key components that affect the cellular …

Multi-drug resistance (MDR) has become the largest obstacle to the success of cancer
chemotherapies. The mechanisms of MDR and the approaches to test MDR have been …

Marine actinobacteria are one of the most efficient groups of secondary metabolite
producers and are very important from an industrial point of view. Many representatives of …

Multidrug transporter proteins are best known for their contributions to chemoresistance
through the efflux of anticancer drugs from cancer cells. However, a considerable body of …

For glioblastoma, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is pivotal to support tumor progression
and therapeutic resistance. TME consists of several types of stromal, endothelial and …

Although in vitro models have been a cornerstone of anti-cancer drug development, their
direct applicability to clinical cancer research has been uncertain. Using a state-of-the-art …

The development of multidrug resistance (MDR) to chemotherapy remains a major
challenge in the treatment of cancer. Resistance exists against every effective anticancer …

Resistance to conventional and target specific antitumor drugs still remains one of the major
cause of treatment failure and patience death. This condition often involves ATP-binding …

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is closely associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and
occurs frequently in the south of China and Southeast Asian countries. Concurrent chemo …

Multiple drug resistance (multidrug resistance; MDR), a phenomenon whereby human
tumours that acquire resistance to one type of therapy are found to be resistant to several …