Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in both suppressive
and inflammatory immune responses. After 30 years of intense study, we have only begun to …

The present review provides an overview of recent advances regarding the function of Th17
cells and their produced cytokines in the progression of viral diseases. Viral infections alone …

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a leading cause of hepatic inflammation
and damage. The pathogenesis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection is predominantly …

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide health problem, with approximately one third
of populations have been infected, among which 3–5% of adults and more than 90% of …

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the leading cause of cancer death, and hepatitis B virus
(HBV) infection is one of the commonest causes in Asian countries. India has the second …

Chronic infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/or hepatitis C virus (HCV) are the major
causes of cirrhosis globally. It takes 10-20 years to progress from viral hepatitis to cirrhosis …

During chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, hepatic fibrosis is a serious pathological
condition caused by virus-induced liver damage. The activation of hepatic stellate cells …

Background Obesity increases the risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. We
aimed to analyze the serum levels of cytokines that have relevance to the pathologies …

Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has become a significant public health
problem in developing countries, and the high rate of morbidity and mortality from acute and …

Background Chronic liver fibrosis is an inevitable stage for the development of patients with
chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, anti-fibrotic therapies have been unsuccessful so far …