Groundwater mapping plays an important role in effective water resource management,
sustainable development, and environmental protection. In the tropical Brunei Darussalam …

This paper introduces the development of a low-cost total dissolved solids (TDS) sensor
system using an electric plug type C (Indonesian standard electric plug) as the probe. The …

It is now well-established that good water quality is associated with economic prosperity,
reduced incidence on public health and the good functioning of the various ecosystems …

River water is essential for people's lives and environmental health. There is a need to
manage river water to maintain river water quality. This research aims to develop a river …

This research focuses on the development of hardware and software required to implement
optical sensor technology. The optical sensor used is the MAX30102, equipped with infrared …

Water quality monitoring allows communities to achieve sustainable management of water
resources, which is crucial for life-supporting processes. Water quality is determined by …

Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission estimates originating from river networks remain highly
uncertain in many parts of the world, leading to gaps in global inventories and preventing …

Environmental monitoring plays a crucial role in understanding the impact of human
activities on our ecosystems. However, the cost and complexity of traditional monitoring …

Access to safe water is vital to public health. While developed countries like the United
States are recognized as having reliable and safe water, many small water utilities struggle …

Ensuring drinking-water safety is essential to support the realization of SDGs. Drinkable
water has distinct characteristics in flavor, odor, and appearance. Poor water infrastructure …