The review aims to consolidate research findings on the molecular mechanisms and
virulence and pathogenicity characteristics of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) causative …

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been categorized as evolving in
overlapping phases. First, there is a viral phase that may well be asymptomatic or mild in the …

Current success of immunotherapy in cancer has drawn attention to the subsets of TH cells
in the tumor which are critical for activation of anti-tumor response either directly by …

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus worldwide.
More than 99% of cervical cancer cases are associated with certain types of HPVs, termed …

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating disease, although it has been
suggested that in the progressive late phase, inflammatory lesion activity declines. We …

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination significantly reduces morbidity and mortality, but has less impact
on viral transmission rates, thus aiding viral evolution, and the longevity of vaccine-induced …

In response to infection, naive CD 4+ T‐cells proliferate and differentiate into several
possible effector subsets, including conventional T helper effector cells (TH 1, TH 2, TH 17) …

Cervical cancer is the first identified human papillomavirus (HPV) associated cancer and the
most promising malignancy to be eliminated. However, the ever-changing virus subtypes …

Aging is generally characterized as a gradual increase in tissue damage, which is
associated with senescence and chronic systemic inflammation and is evident in a variety of …

Conventional smoking is known to both increase susceptibility to infection and drive
inflammation within the lungs. Recently, smokers have been found to be at higher risk of …