Organ-on-a-chip devices have enabled major breakthroughs in biomedical research, but
they have yet to be successfully translated to the pharmaceutical industry. Traditional …

Cancer heterogeneity has posed a great challenge to traditional cancer treatment, with the
reappearance of cancer heterogeneity of inter and intra patients being especially critical …

Animals often fail to faithfully mimic human diseases and drug toxicities, and most in vitro
models are not complex enough to recapitulate human body function and pathophysiology …

A key challenge in the clinical management and cause of treatment failure of prostate cancer
(PCa) is its molecular, cellular and clinical heterogeneity. Modelling systems that fully …

The last two decades have witnessed explosive growth in the field of nanoengineering and
nanomedicine. In particular, engineered nanoparticles have garnered great attention due to …

Targeted delivery of nucleic acids to lymph nodes is critical for the development of effective
vaccines and immunotherapies. However, it remains challenging to achieve selective lymph …

All terrestrial organisms have evolved and adapted to thrive under Earth's gravitational force.
Due to the increase of crewed space flights in recent years, it is vital to understand how the …

Nanotechnologies have invaded the field of tissue engineering including osteoarticular and
dental tissue, and innovative biomaterials with topographic features engineered at the …

The advances in cancer immunotherapy come with several obstacles, limiting its
widespread use and benefits so far only to a small subset of patients. One of the underlying …

Organs-on-chip are gaining increasing attention as promising platforms for drug screening
and testing applications. However, lymph nodes-on-chip options remain limited although the …