Cytokines are secreted or membrane-presented molecules that mediate broad cellular
functions, including development, differentiation, growth and survival. Accordingly, the …

The alarmin cytokines thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), interleukin (IL)‐33, and IL‐25
are epithelial cell‐derived mediators that contribute to the pathobiology and …

Repetitive exposure to antigen in chronic infection and cancer drives T cell exhaustion,
limiting adaptive immunity. In contrast, aberrant, sustained T cell responses can persist over …

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare disease characterized by
eosinophil-rich granulomatous inflammation and necrotizing vasculitis, predominantly …

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the lower respiratory system and
includes several categories of patients with varying features or phenotypes. Patients with …

Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are currently diagnosed and treated
after the demonstration of variable airflow limitation and symptoms. Under this framework …

Chronic urticaria (CU) is a mast cell (MC)‐dependent disease with limited therapeutic
options. Current management strategies are directed at inhibiting IgE‐mediated activation of …

The cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) mediates type 2 immune responses, and
treatments that interfere with TSLP activity are in clinical use for asthma. Here, we …

Although early life colonization of commensal microbes contributes to long-lasting immune
imprinting in host tissues, little is known regarding the pathophysiological consequences of …

The airway epithelium, through pattern recognition receptors expressed transmembrane or
intracellularly, acts as a first line of defense for the lungs against many environmental …