Lung cancer (LC) is the main cause of cancer-related mortality. Most LC patients are
diagnosed in an advanced stage when the symptoms are obvious, and the prognosis is …

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) such as exosomes are nanoscale membranous particles
(< 200 nm) that have emerged as crucial targets for liquid biopsy and as promising drug …

The sensitive detection of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) as a biomarker for lung cancer at
an early stage is critical but has long been a challenge. The emergence of polarity …

Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) can be used as noninvasive biomarkers and are also
found circulating in body fluids such as blood. Dysregulated miRNA expression is …

Background Liquid biopsy has been widely researched for early diagnosis, prognostication
and disease monitoring in lung cancer, but there is a need to investigate its clinical utility for …

Tissue-based biopsy is the present main tool to explore the molecular landscape of cancer,
but it also has many limits to be frequently executed, being too invasive with the risk of side …

A liquid biopsy combined with an exosome-chip (EC) is an important detection tool for early
cancer diagnosis. Exosomes have a crucial function in the exchange of information between …

Liquid biopsy offers great promise for noninvasive cancer diagnostics, while the lack of
adequate target characterization and analysis hinders its wide application. Single-cell RNA …

Copper is an essential microelement for the body and a necessary coregulator for enzymatic
reactions, yet an unbalanced copper level promotes reactive oxidation and cytotoxicity …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are nanoscale bilayer phospholipid membrane vesicles
released by cells. Contained large molecules such as nucleic acid, protein, and lipid, EVs …