Abstract The PI3K/AKT/mTOR (PAM) signaling pathway is a highly conserved signal
transduction network in eukaryotic cells that promotes cell survival, cell growth, and cell …

Pancreatic cancer is an increasingly common cause of cancer mortality with a tight
correspondence between disease mortality and incidence. Furthermore, it is usually …

The multipotent mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), initially discovered from bone
marrow in 1976, have been identified in nearly all tissues of human body now. The …

Simple Summary Drug resistance remains one of the major problems in cancer therapy and
is responsible for up to 90% of cancer-related deaths. It exists across all types of cancer and …

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has one of the worst prognoses among all
malignancies. PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, a main downstream effector of KRAS is …

Flavonoids represent an important group of bioactive compounds derived from plant-based
foods and beverages with known biological activity in cells. From the modulation of …

Mitochondria are key intracellular organelles involved not only in the metabolic state of the
cell, but also in several cellular functions, such as proliferation, Calcium signaling, and lipid …

T cell exhaustion is a state of T cell dysfunction associated with expression of programmed
death 1 (PD-1). Exhausted CD8+ T cells are maintained by self-renewing stem-like T cells …

Among cancers, leukemia is a multistep progression that involves genetic modifications of
normal hematopoietic progenitor cells to cancerous cells. In recent times, leukemia cases …

Tumor drug resistance emerges from the interaction of two critical factors: tumor cellular
heterogeneity and the immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME) …