Human coronavirus (HCoV) infection causes respiratory diseases with mild to severe
outcomes. In the last 15 years, we have witnessed the emergence of two zoonotic, highly …

This review addresses important issues of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome
virus (PRRSV) infection, immunity, pathogenesis, and control. Worldwide, PRRS is the most …

In this review, we highlight the current understanding of translation elongation and recoding
in eukaryotes. In addition to providing an overview of the process, recent advances in our …

Viruses must co-opt the cellular translation machinery to produce progeny virions.
Eukaryotic viruses have evolved a variety of ways to manipulate the cellular translation …

Porcine reproductive and respiratory disease virus (PRRSV) has the intrinsic ability to adapt
and evolve. After 25 years of study, this persistent pathogen has continued to frustrate efforts …

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, periodic recurrence of viral infections, and the
emergence of challenging variants has created an urgent need of alternative therapeutic …

As obligate intracellular parasites, virus reproduction requires host cell functions. Despite
variations in genome size and configuration, nucleic acid composition, and their repertoire of …

Genetic decoding is not 'frozen'as was earlier thought, but dynamic. One facet of this is
frameshifting that often results in synthesis of a C-terminal region encoded by a new frame …

The family Potyviridae encompasses~ 30% of plant viruses and is responsible for significant
economic losses worldwide. Recently, a small overlapping coding sequence, termed pipo …

During canonical translation, the ribosome moves along an mRNA from the start to the stop
codon in exact steps of one codon at a time. The collinearity of the mRNA and the protein …