Newly emerging variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
are continuously posing high global public health concerns and panic resulting in waves of …

Real-time RT-PCR is considered the gold standard confirmatory test for coronavirus disease
2019 (COVID-19). However, many scientists disagree, and it is essential to understand that …

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is characterized by respiratory distress, multiorgan …

Deciphering the molecular downstream consequences of severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV)− 2 infection is important for a greater understanding of …

Introduction Patients with COVID‐19 may present different viral loads levels. However, the
relationship between viral load and disease severity in COVID‐19 is still unknown …

Studies have shown that SARS-CoV-2 has the ability to activate and mature proinflammatory
cytokines in the body. Cytokine markers are a group of polypeptide signalling molecules that …

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a pleiotropic cytokine that has a fundamental role in modulating
inflammation and in maintaining cell homeostasis. It primarily acts as an anti-inflammatory …

Several diseases (such as diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative disorders) affect the
morpho-functional aspects of red blood cells, sometimes altering their normal metabolism. In …

The pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is still not fully unraveled. Though …

Background Accumulating evidence suggests a beneficial effective of tumour necrosis factor‐
alpha (TNF‐α) inhibitors on the outcomes of COVID‐19 disease, which, however is not …