Foam cells play a vital role in the initiation and development of atherosclerosis. This review
aims to summarize the novel insights into the origins, consequences, and molecular …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease starting with the entry of monocytes into the
subendothelium and the subsequent differentiation into macrophages. Macrophages are the …

Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) are promising tools for gene silencing and have been
exploited as therapeutics for human disease. However, delivery of therapeutic ASOs to …

Atherosclerosis, a chronic cardiovascular disease caused by plaque development in
arteries, remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Atherosclerotic plaques are …

The future of personalized diagnostics and treatment of cardiovascular diseases lies in the
use of portable sensors. Portable sensors can acquire biomarker information in biological …

A wide variety of cell populations, including both immune and endothelial cells, participate in
the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Among these groups, macrophages deserve special …

Metabolite lactic acid has always been regarded as a metabolic by-product rather than a
bioactive molecule. Recently, this view has changed since it was discovered that lactic acid …

Metformin is one of the most widely prescribed hypoglycemic drugs and has the potential to
treat many diseases. More and more evidence shows that metformin can regulate the …

The inflammasome regulates innate immunity by serving as a signaling platform. The Nod‑
like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, equipped with NLRP3, the adaptor protein …

Atherosclerosis is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory disease of the arterial wall, and an
important pathological basis of coronary heart disease. Endothelial cells, vascular smooth …