The inflammatory and IFN pathways of innate immunity play a key role in the resistance and
pathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Innate sensors and SARS-CoV-2 …

Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis [family Lamiaceae]), an herb of economic and gustatory
repute, is employed in traditional medicines in many countries. Rosemary contains carnosic …

Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces a
dysregulated hyperinflammatory response. Areas covered Authors review evidence on IL-6 …

Despite the initial success of some drugs and vaccines targeting COVID-19, understanding
the mechanism underlying SARS-CoV-2 disease pathogenesis remains crucial for the …

The poor outcome of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, is
associated with systemic hyperinflammatory response and immunopathology. Although …

Severe COVID-19 is characterized by a “cytokine storm”, the mechanism of which is not yet
understood. I propose that cytokine storms result from synergistic interactions among Toll …

An analysis of published data appertaining to the cytokine storms of COVID-19, H1N1
influenza, cytokine release syndrome (CRS), and macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) …

Bats are special in their ability to live long and host many emerging viruses. Our previous
studies showed that bats have altered inflammasomes, which are central players in aging …

The coronavirus disease 2019 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
is usually a mild condition; however, in some cases it can result in severe sickness and even …

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is capable of inducing the
activation of NACHT, leucine-rich repeat, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) …