The phenomenon of home advantage (home bias) is well-analyzed in the scientific
literature. But only the COVID-19 pandemic enabled studies on this phenomenon—for the …

We use a series of historical natural experiments in association football to test whether
social pressure from a home stadium crowd affected behavior and outcomes. The standout …

Studies have consistently shown crowds contribute to home advantage in the National
Basketball Association (NBA) by inspiring home team effort, distracting opponents, and …

Research question The COVID-19 pandemic entailed a period where no spectators were
allowed to attend arena events. This provided a unique opportunity to study how the non …

This paper examines the effect of spectators on women's football games. COVID-19 and
related restrictions provide a unique opportunity with an adequate sample size to test the …

Recent scholarship studying the impact of race-based prejudice has emphasized its
rampant persistence throughout all aspects of modern society, including the world of sports …

Sports can offer rare moments of clarity to social scientists within an otherwise complex real
world. The competitive environments in sports provide laboratories to study human behavior …

This paper studies whether Major League Baseball umpires displayed home bias in their
pitch calls, using data on pitch call accuracy from the 2010–2019 seasons to isolate …

The existence of a home-court advantage is one of the most durable empirical patterns in all
of sports. Yet, the mechanisms explaining its strength and persistence remain a mystery in …

Previous research has determined that home field advantage (HFA) is positively related to
crowd density. Isolating this effect is a substantial empirical challenge as crowd density is …