The pleiotropic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of
COVID-19, but uncertainty remains about the potential benefits and harms of targeting IL-6 …

Introduction Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) induces a
dysregulated hyperinflammatory response. Areas covered Authors review evidence on IL-6 …

SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the family of enveloped, single-strand RNA viruses known as
Betacoronavirus in Coronaviridae, first reported late 2019 in China. It has since been …

Acting on the cytokine cascade is key to preventing disease progression and death in
hospitalised patients with COVID-19. Among anti-cytokine therapies, interleukin (IL)-6 …

Hyperactivation of immune responses resulting in excessive release of pro-inflammatory
mediators in alveoli/lung structures is the principal pathological feature of coronavirus …

Background The recent emergence of COVID-19, rapid worldwide spread, and incomplete
knowledge of molecular mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection have limited …

Introduction The results of studies of tocilizumab (TCZ) in COVID‐19 are contradictory. Our
study aims to update medical evidence from controlled observational studies and …

Background Viral reactivations and co-infections have been reported among COVID-19
patients. However, studies on the clinical outcomes of different viral reactivations and co …

The host response to SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, is highly
heterogeneous, ranging from mild/asymptomatic to severe. The moderate to severe forms of …

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The clinical
presentations of the SARS-CoV-2 infection are widely variable and treatment strategies for …