This paper deals with the most common methods for determining the dc electrical resistivity
in solid materials. A brief overview of the fundamental concepts related to the electrical …

The steady-state and dynamic behavior of absorption and phase gratings in semi-insulating
GaAs and InP have been studied by four-wave mixing. These measurements permit …

A computer‐controlled polarimeter–macroscope has been developed to measure
birefringence (phase retardation), the principal azimuths and transmission in large area (up …

The photorefractive two-wave mixing gain coefficient Γ of GaAs: Cr and InP: Fe, cut with
different crystallographic orientations, was determined using a cw Nd: YAG (neodymium …

We show that photorefractive beam coupling can be used for deep level spectroscopy in
semi‐insulating GaAs. In four samples cut from different locations in a single boule of GaAs …

Defect energy levels within the band gaps of semiconductor crystals can strongly influence
electronic and optical properties. While many techniques exist that can characterize and …

This paper deals with the most common methods for determining the dc electrical resistivity
in solid materials. A brief overview of the fundamental concepts related to the electrical …

Photorefractive materials have been used in a wide variety of applications, as will be
discussed later. These materials have several features which make them particularly …

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The transient grating technique has been developed over the years and several reviews
have been written concerning the subject [1, 2]. The present paper will focus on its …