The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) are core steps of
various energy conversion and storage systems. However, their sluggish reaction kinetics …

Single/dual‐metal atoms supported on carbon matrix can be modulated by coordination
structure and neighboring active sites. Precisely designing the geometric and electronic …

Single atom metal–nitrogen–carbon materials have shown immense potential for the oxygen
reduction reaction (ORR) while the development of durable catalysts with high reactivity …

Applications of phthalocyanines (Pcs) in electrocatalysis—including the oxygen reduction
reaction (ORR), the carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR), the oxygen evolution …

Iron–nitrogen–carbon (Fe N C) materials have emerged as a promising alternative to
platinum‐group metals for catalyzing the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in proton …

MXenes have been extensively studied due to their high metallic conductivity, hydrophilic
properties, tunable layer structure and attractive surface chemistry, making them highly …

Dual atom catalysts, bridging single atom and metal/alloy nanoparticle catalysts, offer more
opportunities to enhance the kinetics and multifunctional performance of oxygen …

Single iron atom and nitrogen-codoped carbon (Fe–N–C) electrocatalysts, which have great
potential to catalyze the kinetically sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), have been …

Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is regarded as the rate-determining step in a fuel cell or a
metal–air battery because of the kinetically retarded four-electron process. Among the …

Dual-atomic-site catalysts (DASCs), as an extension of single-atom catalysts (SACs), have
attracted increasing attention owing to the synergistic effect. However, the study of DASCs is …