Malaria is a highly inflammatory and oxidative disease. The production of reactive oxygen
species by host phagocytes is an essential component of the host response to Plasmodium …

The contribution of vector transmission to pathogen establishment is largely underrated. For
Leishmania, transmission by sand flies is critical to early survival involving an irreproducible …

It is estimated that 10% of carbon throughout the cosmos is in the form of carbon monoxide
(CO). Earth's earliest prebiotic atmosphere included the trinity of gasotransmitters CO, nitric …

Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease, which affects an estimate of 6‐7 million
people worldwide. Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, which is a eukaryotic …

The heme oxygenase (HO) system involves three isoforms of this enzyme, HO-1, HO-2, and
HO-3. The three of them display the same catalytic activity, oxidating the heme group to …

Heme oxygenase (HO) enzymes are responsible for the main oxidative step in heme
degradation, generating equimolar amounts of free iron, biliverdin and carbon monoxide …

Carbon monoxide is a molecule with notoriety in modern culture and extensive
documentation regarding its toxic physiological effects, long predating its formal discovery in …

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) causes significant economic
losses to the pork industry worldwide. Currently, vaccine strategies provide limited protection …

Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne disease caused by obligate intracellular protozoan
parasites that can infect humans and other mammals. Pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines …

HO-1 is the inducible form of the enzyme heme-oxygenase. HO-1 catalyzes heme
breakdown, reducing the levels of this important oxidant molecule and generating …