Monocytes are innate blood cells that maintain vascular homeostasis and are early
responders to pathogens in acute infections. There are three well-characterized classes of …

Hypertension is associated with immune cells activation and their migration into the kidney,
vasculature, heart and brain. These inflammatory mechanisms are critical for blood pressure …

Age-related alterations in immunity have been linked to increased incidence of infections
and decreased responses to vaccines in the aging population. Human peripheral blood …

CX3CL1 is a transmembrane protein from which a soluble form can be generated by
proteolytic shedding. Membranal and soluble forms of CX3CL1 exhibit different functions …

Macrophages are found in all tissues and regulate tissue morphogenesis during
development through trophic and scavenger functions. The colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF …

Unlike sessile macrophages that occupy specialized tissue niches, non-classical monocytes
(NCMs)—circulating phagocytes that patrol and cleanse the luminal surface of the vascular …

BACKGROUND. Inflammation helps regulate normal growth and tissue repair. Although
bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) and inflammation are known contributors to abnormal …

Abstract CX3CL1 (Fractalkine) is a multifunctional inflammatory chemokine with a single
receptor CX3CR1. The biological effects elicited by CX3CL1 on surrounding cells vary …

The formation of atherosclerotic plaque is a long and very complex process. The first signs of
development of atherosclerosis occur in areas where the blood vessels are strongly …

Aim Loss of immunosuppressive response supports inflammation during atherosclerosis.
We tested whether adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with Tregulatory cells (Tregs), engineered to …