Background: Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) require specialized therapeutic
interventions. The decreased renal function that modulates the physiology and presence of …

Drug–drug interactions (DDIs) pose a major problem to patient safety. eHealth solutions
have the potential to address this problem and generally improve medication management …

Evidence-based prescribing requires taking into consideration the many aspects of optimal
drug administration (eg, dosage, comorbidities, co-administered drugs, etc.). A key issue is …

Heart failure (HF) is an increasing global concern. Despite evidence-based
pharmacotherapy, associated morbidity and mortality remain high. This study aimed to …

Objectives: The objective of this study was to develop Chronic Kidney Disease Patient
Information Leaflets (CKD-PILs) to test their understandability and assess their usefulness …

Health care is being revolutionized by new developments in information and
communications technology, with many promising opportunities but many challenges still …

Background Inappropriate pharmaceutical services may result in unsafe, ineffective, and
poor-quality treatment. This practice ultimately will lead to prolonged illness, suffering and …

Community pharmacists are the health professionals that are the most accessible to
ambulatory patients, being in the best position to assist them with the safe use of medicines …

Community pharmacies have made significant advances in digital technology; however,
mobile systems are only emerging in this sector and mostly focusing patient-centric …

BMJ Open is committed to open peer review. As part of this commitment we make the peer
review history of every article we publis Page 1 BMJ Open is committed to open peer review …