Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a powerful technique
to make large language models (LLMs) easier to use and more effective. A core piece of the …

1 INTRODUCTION Automated vehicles (AVs) will change traffic both for vulnerable road
users (VRUs) such as pedestrians [17, 30, 37] as well as for manual drivers [11, 57, 58] …