The precise interaction between the immune system and severe acute respiratory syndrome
coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) is critical in deciphering the pathogenesis of coronavirus …

Background SARS-CoV-2 is a highly infectious respiratory virus associated with coronavirus
disease (COVID-19). Discoveries in the field revealed that inflammatory conditions exert a …

Background Data are scarce on immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with
autoimmune diseases, who are often treated with immunosuppressive drugs. We aimed to …

COVID-19 presents in various ways, but mainly as a pulmonary disease (Marzano, 2020).
Skin manifestations have been reported, including reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus …

The COVID-19 pandemic examines not only the state of actual health care but also the state
of fundamental medicine in various countries. Pro-inflammatory processes extend far …

Although cardiac tumor formation is rare, accumulating evidence suggests that the two
leading causes of deaths, cancers, and cardiovascular diseases are similar in terms of …

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) exert a novel function of trapping pathogens. Released
NETs can accumulate in inflamed tissues, be recognized by other immune cells for …

Introduction Myocarditis is a severe lymphocyte-mediated inflammatory disorder of the heart,
mostly caused by viruses and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Recently, myocarditis as …

The COVID-19 pandemic has become a global health crisis, inflicting substantial morbidity
and mortality worldwide. A diverse range of symptoms, including fever, cough, dyspnea, and …

Background The impact of genetic variants in the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-
α) and its receptors in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) severity has not been …