The transition from adolescence to adulthood is characterized by improvements in higher-
order cognitive abilities and corresponding refinements of the structure and function of the …

Highlights•Recent GWAS identified microglia-related pathways as risk factors for
Alzheimer's.•Role of immune molecules in synapse loss, a hallmark of Alzheimer's, is poorly …

Sensory experience remodels neural circuits in the early postnatal brain through
mechanisms that remain to be elucidated. Applying a new method of ultrastructural analysis …

Background Individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) who progress to fully psychotic symptoms
have been observed to show a steeper rate of cortical gray matter reduction compared with …

Genetic and genomic approaches have implicated hundreds of genetic loci in
neurodevelopmental disorders and neurodegeneration, but mechanistic understanding …

Humans evolved within a microbial ecosystem resulting in an interlinked physiology. The gut
microbiota can signal to the brain via the immune system, the vagus nerve or other host …

Decreased synaptic spine density has been the most consistently reported postmortem
finding in schizophrenia (SCZ). A recently developed in vivo measure of synaptic vesicle …

The N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) hypofunction hypothesis has been proposed to
help understand the etiology and pathophysiology of schizophrenia. This hypothesis was …

Mitochondria play a critical role in regulating cellular functions including bioenergetics,
calcium homeostasis, redox signalling, and apoptotic cell death. Mitochondria are also …

Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder involving the convergence
of a complex and dynamic bidirectional interaction of genetic expression and the …